TQuangnam Presentation

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Quang Nam

Coastal Zone

5 th NARBO Training – Hoi An, Viet Nam,

19/2/2009



Quang Nam Province



Vu Gia – Thu Bon River Basin



Quang Nam zoning map



Quang nam

coastal zoning and

environmental

management



N0 Districts Area (km2) Population

(people)

Number of

communes

Tam Ky city 92.02 97,845 13

Hoi An city 60.98 82,282 13

Dien Ban district 214.28 196,001 20

Duy Xuyen district 297.85 128,982 14Thang Binh district 384.75 187,870 21

Nui Thanh district 533.02 143,225 17

The whole coastal land 1,582.90 836,195 98

The whole provincial land 10,407.42 1,458,663 13

The whole coastal water (in 50 m

deepest) 1,800



I. Land resources

Mountainous lands 548.69 km2 33.76%

Valley lands 564.47 km2 34.73%

Wetlands 225.62 km2 13.88%

Dun and sand lands 231.87 km2 14.27%

Urban lands 54.65 km2 3.36%

Total 1,570.65 km2



I.1. Mountainous lands 548.69 km2 33.76%



I.2. Valley lands 564.47 km2 34.73%



I.3. Wetlands 225.62 km2 13.88%



Nui Thanh wetlands



Hoian wetlands



I.4. Dun and sand lands 231.87 km2 14.27%



I.5. Urban lands 54.65 km2 3.36%





II. Water resources



III. Forestry resources



IV. Mineral resources



V. Aquatic resources



Challenges and threats

• Low education, high population growth,lack of job opportunities

• Over exploitation, unreasonable use of marine resources; reduce in coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangroves areas; degradation of biodiversity

• Disasters and environmental risks (flood,typhoon, drought, oil spilling, erosion(



• River water pollution in some location and

sometime; Truong Giang river was narrowed in

flow; An Hoa bay sedimentation; Hoi An riverdomestic waste water, and garbage,

• Interest conflict between different stakeholders

(tourist, fishery, aquaculture, industry,. and local

communities)

• Multi-sector economic development but mono-

sector management

• Low management capacity

• Lack of data base



Key issues within the Quang Nam

coastal zone• Too much water in the winter time (flood and

maximum flow)

•Dry season minimal flow and effect on salinityintrusion

• Sediment transportation and sand excavation

• Aquatic biodiversity and fisheries

• Forest management and terrestrial biodiversity



• Agriculture and irrigation

•

Industrial development• Tourism development

• Mining

• Waste management



Seasonal distribution of mean monthly rainfall in

Vu Gia and Thu Bon River Basin

0

200

400

600

800

1000

Jan March May July Sep Nov

Monthly rainfall at three stations - Vu gia - Thu Bon River Basin (mm)

Da NangTra My

Thanh My





Alt ti



Potential mitigation of salinity changes

due to hydropower development ?

Alternatives:

• Introduce other salinity-tolerant species

• Shift location of nipa palm plantation more inland

Potential site

for plantation

Potential sitefor plantation

Potential sitefor plantation



Issue ‘Flooding and maximum flows’



Issue ‘Sediment transport and sand excavation’



DELTA MANGROVE

ecosystem

versusISLAND & CORAL REEF

Ecosystem MPA







Trend in the concentration of suspended solid (TSS) in lake and river

waters of Quang Nam province for the period from 2000 to 2006 (source:

Department of Natural Resources and Environment).

0

50

100

150

200

250

2 0 0 0

2 0 0 1

2 0 0 2

2 0 0 3

2 0 0 4

2 0 0 5

2 0 0 6

Time (year)

S u s p e n d e d s o l i d c

o n c e n t r a t i o n T S S

( m g

/ l )

Tranh river Phu Ninh lake Duy Thanh dam

Giao Thuy river Ben Giang Tien river

Truong Giang river TCVN 5942:1995(20 mg/l) A

TCVN 5942:1995(80 mg/l) B



Trend in the concentration of total suspended solid (TSS) in beach waters

for the period from 2000 to 2006 (source: Department of Natural

Resources and Environment, 2006).

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2 0 0

0

2 0 0

1

2 0 0

2

2 0 0

3

2 0 0

4

2 0 0 5

2 0 0

6

Time (year)

T S S c o n c e n t r a t i o n ( m g / l )

Ran beach Tam Thanh beach Cua Dai beach

TCVN 5943:1995 25 mg/l TCVN 5943:1995 50 mg/l



Trend in the concentration of BOD5 in beach waters for the period from

2000 to 2006 (source: Department of Natural Resources and Environment,

2006).

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

2 0 0 0

2 0 0 1

2 0 0 2

2 0 0 3

2 0 0 4

2 0 0 5

2 0 0 6

Time (year)

B O D 5 c o n c e n t

r a t i o n ( m g / l )

Ran beach Tam Thanh beach Cua Dai beach

TCVN 5943:1995 10 mg/l TCVN 5943:1995 20 mg/l



Issue ‘Aquatic biodiversity and fisheries’



•Reduce in number of high value and big size

reef fish

• Top shell (Trochus spp); Abalone ( Haliotis spp,

); Lobster ( Panulirus spp); Giant clam

(Tridacna spp) are very small

• Large community of some species but small

and immature individuals

Over fishing

Impacts on marine resources



Trend in the number of reef fish individuals classified by size for the

period from 1994 to 2004. Number of individuals per an area unit of 400

m2 (source: Cham Islands Marine Protected Area, 2005).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Overall 1-10 11-20 21-30 > 30

Size classes (cm)

N o . o f f i s h e s p e r 4 0 0 m 2

1994

2002

2003

2004



Issue ‘Forest management and terrestrial

biodiversity’



Trend in area of Nypa Palm forests in the Thu Bon river delta of Quang

Nam for the period from 1996 to 2006 (source: Division of Natural

Resources and Environment of Hoi An, 2006).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1996 2001 2006

Time (year)

T o t a l a r e a ( h a )

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

P r o t e c t e d a r e a ( h a )

Total area of Nypal Palm forests Protected Nypal Palm forests



Trend in aquaculture area for the period from 1997 to 2005 (source:

Department of Fisheries, 2006).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Time (year)

A r e a ( h a )

Total aquaculture area



Issue ‘Agriculture and irrigation’



Issue ‘Industrial development’



Figure D9: Demonstration of distribution of industrial areas and their

surfaces (source: Department of Industry of Quang Nam, 2006).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Mountainous area Middle lands area Coastal area

Various areas

N u m b e r o f i n d u s t r i a l

a r e a s

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

T o t a l s u r f a c e a r e a ( h a )

Number of industrial areas Surface area (ha)



Demonstration of increasing number of industrial facilities in the province

(Department of Industry, 2006).

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Number of

industrial facilities

Coastal area 6873 7418 7512 7562 7555 8025 8063 7946 7958 7989

Middle lands area 2943 2830 3106 3213 3302 3490 3487 3370 3382 3413

Mountainous area 205 268 209 209 237 240 282 165 177 208

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006



Issue ‘Tourism development in the

basin’

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Năm

S ố l ư ợ n g

d u

k h á c

h

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

S ố l ư ợ n g

k h á c h

s ạ n

- n h

à

k h á c h

Du khách Khách sạn - nhà khách



Issue ’Mining’



Demonstration of various mining in the coastal area (source: Department

of Natural Resources and Environment.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

100,000 ton/year 716,595 m3/year 508,500 ton/year 63,500 m3/year 86,900 ton/year

848,000 tons 65,564,989 m3 31,934,353 tons 1,552,907 m3 122,962 tons

Gold Rock Sand Clay Titan

Mining - Reserve (ton) - Exploitation production (ton/year)

N u m b e r o f m

i n i n g





Demonstration of the total amount and components of garbage collected by the

Tam Ky Urban Environment Company and the Hoi An Public Work Company

for the period from 2005 – 2006 (source: Department of Natural Resources and

Environment, 2006).

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Amount of garbage

(m3)

Garbage sources

Mountainous area 0 0 0

Middle lands area 2550 12 0

Coastal area 14790 50 18.9

Garbage Industrial garbage Hospital garbage



Thank you

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